Anaplastic Astrocytoma: State of the art and future directions

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Anaplastic Astrocytoma: State of the art and future directions

Mario Caccese 1Marta Padovan 2Domenico D’Avella 3Franco Chioffi 4Marina Paola Gardiman 5Franco Berti 6Fabio Busato 6Luisa Bellu 6Eleonora Bergo 2Marco Zoccarato 7Matteo Fassan 5Vittorina Zagonel 2Giuseppe Lombardi 2Affiliations expand

Abstract

Anaplastic Astrocytoma(AA) is a malignant, diffusely infiltrating, primary brain tumor. According to the WHO 2016 classification of central-nervous-system tumors, AA has been described as a glial tumor with no co-deletion of 1p/19q, and is divided into IDH mutated tumor, characterized by better prognosis, and IDH wild-type form, with worse prognosis. The standard of care is maximal safe resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide. Several efforts have been made to evaluate, according to molecular selection, which is the best post-surgical treatment. At recurrence, the treatment remains challenging and some trials are ongoing to evaluate new potential drugs, alone or in combination with chemotherapy. We performed a description of the status of the art on diagnosis, molecular characteristics and treatment of AA. In particular, we focused our details on new drugs; indeed, a deeper knowledge of the molecular characteristics of gliomas could lead to to development of active personalized treatments according with precision medicine.

Keywords: Anaplastic astrocytoma; Glioma; New drugs.